Dramaturgy in Religious Practice: A Systematic Literature Review Study of the Role of Front Stage and Back Stage in the Context of Islamic Education
Keywords:
Dramaturgy, Public Space, Private Space, Islamic EducationAbstract
Introduction to The Problem: Islamic education in Indonesia not only acts as a medium for religious learning, but also as a social space that shapes the identity and religious expression of individuals, especially students, santri, and teachers. Behind the formal religious practices seen in classrooms, mosques, and dormitories, there is a complex and often hidden symbolic dimension. Purpose: This research aims to systematically examine how Erving Goffman's dramaturgy theory, particularly the concept of front stage and back stage, is used to understand religious practices in the context of Islamic education. Design/methods/approach: This research uses a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by trawling 16 scholarly articles from databases such as Google Scholar and DOAJ published in the span of 2020-2025. Each article was critically reviewed to explore how the concept of dramaturgy is applied in Islamic education studies. Findings: The findings show that religious practice in Islamic education is dynamic, especially in terms of the difference between the outward appearance of adherence to institutional norms and a more personalised and flexible religious life in the private sphere. Research implications/limitations: The results of this study show that the dramaturgical approach can reveal the tension between socially constructed religious identities and more personalised religious expressions. Goffman's theory is able to explain the representation of religiosity in Islamic education that is not only symbolic, but also performative. Originality/value: These findings provide a theoretical contribution in understanding the dynamics of religious identity in Islamic educational institutions. Therefore, it is important for educators and researchers to not only focus on religious performance in the front stage, but also understand the religious reality that occurs in the back stage, as part of the dynamics of religious identity construction that is more authentic and humane.
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